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Peru

Tallying The Flood Toll In Peru

After several weeks of heavy rains, Lima daily Peru21 has tallied the death and damage from flooding that stretches from north to south in the Latin American nation. "Terrible Toll" is the front-page headline in its Wednesday edition. The numbers include 78 dead, more than 140,000 residences damaged, and nearly 650,000 people affected since the ongoing, El Niño-driven disaster began several weeks ago.

Another 20 people are missing, according to Peru's National Institute of Civil Defense. Flooding and landslides have also caused major infrastructure damage, destroying nearly 2,150 kilometers of roadways and 175 bridges. El Comercioreports that the government is putting special emphasis on reopening blocked stretches of the Pan-American Highway, the network of roads running from Alaska all the way down to southern Chile, and traverses Peru from north to south.

The flooding has affected areas throughout the country, particularly along the northern coast. Hardest hit is the northwestern Piura Region, where six people have been killed and more than 19,000 left homeless, according to Perú21.

Peruvian President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski visited Piura on Tuesday, promising help for the many victims. "We're trying to reach each family," he said. "We're working on this every second of every day."

Heavier-than-normal rains have swept across the country for the past several months, with flooding intensifying in recent weeks. Dimitri Gutiérrez, director of Peru's Institute of Oceanography and Climate Change, told Perú21 that the northern part of the country, from Tumbes to La Libertad, should expect rains and landslides to continue for the next two or three weeks.

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Future

AI Is Good For Education — And Bad For Teachers Who Teach Like Machines

Despite fears of AI upending the education and the teaching profession, artificial education will be an extremely valuable tool to free up teachers from rote exercises to focus on the uniquely humanistic part of learning.

Journalism teacher and his students in University of Barcelona.

Journalism students at the Blanquerna University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

© Sergi Reboredo via ZUMA press
Julián de Zubiría Samper

-Analysis-

BOGOTÁ - Early in 2023, Microsoft tycoon Bill Gates included teaching among the professions most threatened by Artificial Intelligence (AI), arguing that a robot could, in principle, instruct as well as any school-teacher. While Gates is an undoubted expert in his field, one wonders how much he knows about teaching.

As an avowed believer in using technology to improve student results, Gates has argued for teachers to use more tech in classrooms, and to cut class sizes. But schools and countries that have followed his advice, pumping money into technology at school, or students who completed secondary schooling with the backing of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation have not attained the superlative results expected of the Gates recipe.

Thankfully, he had enough sense to add some nuance to his views, instead suggesting changes to teacher training that he believes could improve school results.

I agree with his view that AI can be a big and positive contributor to schooling. Certainly, technological changes prompt unease and today, something tremendous must be afoot if a leading AI developer, Geoffrey Hinton, has warned of its threat to people and society.

But this isn't the first innovation to upset people. Over 2,000 years ago, the philosopher Socrates wondered, in the Platonic dialogue Phaedrus, whether reading and writing wouldn't curb people's ability to reflect and remember. Writing might lead them to despise memory, he observed. In the 18th and 19th centuries, English craftsmen feared the machines of the Industrial Revolution would destroy their professions, producing lesser-quality items faster, and cheaper.

Their fears were not entirely unfounded, but it did not happen quite as they predicted. Many jobs disappeared, but others emerged and the majority of jobs evolved. Machines caused a fundamental restructuring of labor at the time, and today, AI will likely do the same with the modern workplace.

Many predicted that television, computers and online teaching would replace teachers, which has yet to happen. In recent decades, teachers have banned students from using calculators to do sums, insisting on teaching arithmetic the old way. It is the same dry and mechanical approach to teaching which now wants to keep AI out of the classroom.

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