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Geopolitics

Why Morocco Still Won't Accept Earthquake Aid From France?

Time is the most precious resource when it comes to disaster relief, and yet French teams have been left waiting for Morocco's approval for their aid. Looking at recent tensions might explain why the country is hesitating on accepting help in a time of such dire need.

photo of people carrying aid

Small farmers villages in the outskirts of Marrakesh have been the worst affected by the earthquake that hit Friday night

Davide Bonaldo/SOPA Images via ZUMA
Pierre Haski

Updated September 12, 2023 at 1:20 p.m.

-Analysis-

PARIS — Major humanitarian disasters can sometimes provide an opportunity to overcome hostilities between nations – but they can also be missed opportunities.

The earthquake that struck Morocco on Friday night has had a significant impact in France, not only due to the large Franco-Moroccan community here, but also because of the longstanding human connection between France and its former Maghreb protectorate.

Yet 72 hours after the disaster, the offers of assistance from the French government, including those from Emmanuel Macron himself, had still not received a response from Rabat. Meanwhile, Morocco had given the green light to relief efforts from Qatar, Tunisia and Spain. Spain is the only European country with 56 military rescuers already on the ground.

France possesses undeniable expertise and resources in the field of emergency relief, and if there is one area where every minute counts, it is the search for survivors. By Tuesday, the death toll had topped 2,800. Yet French teams, including search dogs and equipment, are still awaiting clearance to deploy from French soil. The Americans find themselves in a similar situation.


Downplaying the issue

French officials are attempting to downplay the issue; they mention Morocco's concern about avoiding an overload of international aid and argue that only a few countries have been requested to assist. But on Sunday, while in New Delhi for the G20, Emmanuel Macron stated that "the moment this aid is requested, it will be deployed, and we stand ready." Hours have passed without such a request being made.

It's known that relations between Rabat and Paris have been strained for some time.

There comes a point where the explanation begins to take on a political dimension. It's known that relations between Rabat and Paris have been strained for some time. An example of this was seen in March when Macron declared that his relations with King Mohammed VI were friendly. Rabat immediately retorted, "Relations are neither friendly nor good, not between the two governments nor between the royal palace and the Elysée." It's hard to be more blunt than this.

On Friday, just hours before the earthquake, a well-connected Moroccan website was trying to be positive about the Franco-Moroccan relationship. But the earthquake didn't leave any time for these hopes to materialize.

photo of Emmanuel and Brigitte Macron, King Mohammed VI of Morocco and his son, Crown Prince Moulay Hassan

In friendlier times, the Macrons welcomes King Mohammed VI of Morocco and his son Crown Prince Moulay Hassan at the Elysee Palace ahead of a ceremony to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the end of World War I

Mikhail Metzel/TASS via ZUMA

The King's visit

The article was about King Mohammed VI's private visit to France, and indeed, the Moroccan sovereign was in France when the earthquake hit. The article suggested that a phone call or meeting between the king and the French president could resolve misunderstandings. The king and the president did have a conversation, but with no apparent results.

It should be noted that the article set conditions that still seem impossible for Paris to meet: it demanded recognition of Morocco's sovereignty over the former Spanish Sahara, an international dispute that dates back to the 1970s. Both the United States and Spain have succumbed to Moroccan pressure, but France does not want to take a step that would be seen as a declaration of war against Algeria.

The other issue is more straightforward—the matter of visa restrictions for France. Macron publicly acknowledged that this policy, inspired by the Interior Ministry, has been counterproductive. He hinted at a new accord.

However, the king's visit abruptly ended without the anticipated breakthrough. By not promptly accepting France's offer of assistance, has Morocco genuinely suffered from organizational difficulties? Or has it chosen to demonstrate its independence from its former colonial ruler? With the search for survivors the sole priority, there will always be time for reconciliation later.

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Green

The Unsustainable Future Of Fish Farming — On Vivid Display In Turkish Waters

Currently, 60% of Turkey's fish currently comes from cultivation, also known as fish farming, compared to just 10% two decades ago. The short-sightedness of this shift risks eliminating fishing output from both the farms and the open seas along Turkey's 5,200 miles of coastline.

Photograph of two fishermen throwing a net into the Tigris river in Turkey.

Traditional fishermen on the Tigris river, Turkey.

Dûrzan Cîrano/Wikimeidia
İrfan Donat

ISTANBUL — Turkey's annual fish production includes 515,000 tons from cultivation and 335,000 tons came from fishing in open waters. In other words, 60% of Turkey's fish currently comes from cultivation, also known as fish farming.

It's a radical shift from just 20 years ago when some 600,000 tons, or 90% of the total output, came from fishing. Now, researchers are warning the current system dominated by fish farming is ultimately unsustainable in the country with 8,333 kilometers (5,177 miles) long.

Professor Mustafa Sarı from the Maritime Studies Faculty of Bandırma 17 Eylül University believes urgent action is needed: “Why were we getting 600,000 tons of fish from the seas in the 2000’s and only 300,000 now? Where did the other 300,000 tons of fish go?”

Professor Sarı is challenging the argument from certain sectors of the industry that cultivation is the more sustainable approach. “Now we are feeding the fish that we cultivate at the farms with the fish that we catch from nature," he explained. "The fish types that we cultivate at the farms are sea bass, sea bram, trout and salmon, which are fed with artificial feed produced at fish-feed factories. All of these fish-feeds must have a significant amount of fish flour and fish oil in them.”

That fish flour and fish oil inevitably must come from the sea. "We have to get them from natural sources. We need to catch 5.7 kilogram of fish from the seas in order to cultivate a sea bream of 1 kg," Sarı said. "Therefore, we are feeding the fish to the fish. We cannot cultivate fish at the farms if the fish in nature becomes extinct. The natural fish need to be protected. The consequences would be severe if the current policy is continued.”

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