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Geopolitics

Why Iran's Regime Is Cracking Down On Celebrities Now

The arrest Saturday of prominent actress Taraneh Alidoosti in Tehran is part of a wider move by Iran's embattled regime to turn its fury on artists, entertainers and athletes in an attempt to stifle their public support for weeks of anti-state protests.

Photo of Taraneh Alidoosti looking into the camera

Taraneh Alidoosti spoke out against the regime's executing protesters

Frederick Injimbert/ZUMA
Kayhan-London

Angered by the world's reactions to its brutal crackdown on weeks of mass protests, Iran's clerical regime has turned on both prominent and less prominent voices and faces in the arts and sports, to silence their support for the protests. The regime has come to characterize any backing of the popular movement as "hostile propaganda."'

On Saturday, actress Taraneh Alidoosti was arrested in Tehran, considered internationally the highest profile figure targeted.

Alidoosti had posed online without her mandatory headscarf, or hijab, and was arrested following her denunciation of the first execution of a protestor, 23-year-old Mohsen Shekari. She had warned authorities to "expect the consequences" of his killing.

According to fellow filmmaker Mani Haghighi, Alidoosti has had a consistent and clear track record on human rights, and on the protests that erupted in the wake of the death in police custody of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini, who had let her headscarf slip on the street.

In remarks broadcast on Voice of America, Haghighi, a friend of Alidoosti, also mocked the Iranian Culture Minister Muhammadmehdi Ismaili for asking artists to "resume their artistic activities" amid the protests.


Filmmakers and artists were mourning for the dead in Iran, and "don't have time to dance for you," Haghighi said.

Rapper risks death sentence

Among the first VIPs to be arrested was prominent rapper Toomaj Salehi, who was taken into custody several weeks ago, and reportedly risks facing the death penalty.

Official state media have denounced other actors and artists, like Hamid Farrokhnezhad, many of whom are backing the protests from abroad. Farrokhnezhad -- who had reportedly been in Turkey but may have since left for the United States --called Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei a "deranged" dictator, and compared him to figures like Cambodia's Pol Pot and Uganda's Idi Amin.

He wrote on Instagram that Khamenei could expect the fate of all dictators who cling to power.

He wrote on Instagram that Khamenei could expect the fate of all dictators who cling to power and enrage their people--namely, to meet a "messy death." Before the protests, Farrokhnezhad was active in official media and acted in works produced by state television.

Iran's official IRNA agency observed that before leaving for Turkey, Farrokhnezhad had signed an affidavit promising he would do nothing "against the best interests of Iranian laws, but [violated his pledge] once he knew he had a foothold in America."

The IRNA-affiliated paper, Iran, said his posts were "planned," and wondered why Farrokhnezhad had said nothing to support the protests earlier. Others in the industry have reportedly received private warnings on their conduct.

Actor, clothing designer, soccer player

The regime has shown it has little time for artists and their ilk. Private conversations recorded by Iran's Fars news agency indicate that the head of the Revolutionary Guards, Hussein Salami, wants the arts, entertainment, and sports "curbed."

This is evidently underway. Other recent measures to "curb" dissenting Iranians included a death sentence issued against the stage actor Hossein Mohammadi, for his alleged role in an attack on the militiaman Ruhallah Ajamian -- for which Mohsen Shekari was hanged just last week.

Courts have also sentenced to death a soccer player, Amir Nasr-Azadani. On December 19, the conservative Tehran paper Kayhan (no affiliation with Kayhan-London), urged authorities to jail the soccer star Ali Karimi for having cheered the protests.

On December 17, authorities shut down Cheshmeh, an arts publisher based in Tehran. Vajihe Parizanganeh, a designer from Isfahan, separately faces six years in jail for pinning the words Bayad khun gorist, or "weep blood," on her clothes.


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Green

Forest Networks? Revisiting The Science Of Trees And Funghi "Reaching Out"

A compelling story about how forest fungal networks communicate has garnered much public interest. Is any of it true?

Thomas Brail films the roots of a cut tree with his smartphone.

Arborist and conservationist Thomas Brail at a clearcutting near his hometown of Mazamet in the Tarn, France.

Melanie Jones, Jason Hoeksema, & Justine Karst

Over the past few years, a fascinating narrative about forests and fungi has captured the public imagination. It holds that the roots of neighboring trees can be connected by fungal filaments, forming massive underground networks that can span entire forests — a so-called wood-wide web. Through this web, the story goes, trees share carbon, water, and other nutrients, and even send chemical warnings of dangers such as insect attacks. The narrative — recounted in books, podcasts, TV series, documentaries, and news articles — has prompted some experts to rethink not only forest management but the relationships between self-interest and altruism in human society.

But is any of it true?

The three of us have studied forest fungi for our whole careers, and even we were surprised by some of the more extraordinary claims surfacing in the media about the wood-wide web. Thinking we had missed something, we thoroughly reviewed 26 field studies, including several of our own, that looked at the role fungal networks play in resource transfer in forests. What we found shows how easily confirmation bias, unchecked claims, and credulous news reporting can, over time, distort research findings beyond recognition. It should serve as a cautionary tale for scientists and journalists alike.

First, let’s be clear: Fungi do grow inside and on tree roots, forming a symbiosis called a mycorrhiza, or fungus-root. Mycorrhizae are essential for the normal growth of trees. Among other things, the fungi can take up from the soil, and transfer to the tree, nutrients that roots could not otherwise access. In return, fungi receive from the roots sugars they need to grow.

As fungal filaments spread out through forest soil, they will often, at least temporarily, physically connect the roots of two neighboring trees. The resulting system of interconnected tree roots is called a common mycorrhizal network, or CMN.

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