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This Happened

This Happened - January 25: The Egyptian Revolution Begins

After the revolution in Tunisia, anti-regime protests spread to Egypt, sparking two weeks of deadly clashes.

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How did the Jan. 25 Revolution begin?

As a statement against increasing police brutality during the last few years of Hosni Mubarak's presidency, young people in Egypt ran demonstrations, marches, occupations of plazas, non-violent civil resistance, acts of civil disobedience and strikes. Following the initial movement, millions of protesters from a range of socio-economic and religious backgrounds demanded the overthrow of then President Hosni Mubarak.

What was the outcome of the Egyptian Revolution?

Clashes between security forces and protesters resulted in at least 846 deaths and over 6,000 injuries. Protesters also burned over 90 police stations across Egypt. On 11 February 2011, Vice President Omar Suleiman announced that Mubarak resigned as president, turning power over to the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF). the Muslim Brotherhood then took power in Egypt after a series of popular elections, with Islamist Mohamed Morsi ascending to the presidency in June 2012.

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Ideas

Saving Urban Typography In A Digital World

Typography is a familiar sight on the streets, but it has also succumbed to fashions and the passage of time. Rescuing urban signage helps to preserve this part of our collective heritage.

A man walks under a classic spanish shop sign in gold, red and green

A sign recreated by Patrimonio Gráfico for a churros shop in Madrid, Spain. March 15, 2022

David Lorenzo Cardiel

MADRID — The strokes, drawn to the millimeter, scratch the thin sheet of paper. One slip, just the slightest mistake, and all the work will be ruined. In silence, a teacher observes his pupils. The future of their education depends on having studied every detail of each character. Only excellence is acceptable in the imperial school.

On the other side of the world, a few hundred monks all over Europe strive to copy the books they keep in monastery and palace libraries. They devote hours to train their attention span, straining in the half-light, to maintain fidelity to the original book. Some slip a few complaints into the manuscript margins.

Then came Gutenberg, with the Bible printed in textured type, and then the thousands of typefaces now found in data banks and on computers.

Typography has accompanied humanity since the origin of printing techniques, an extension of the ancient art of calligraphy. Tens of thousands of styles, aiming to unite beauty and intelligibility — but in the age of the Internet we seem to limit typography to just a uniform few. Is this the end of typography, or are we in a new stage of its reinvention?

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