Defining Victory In Ukraine: The Real Meaning Of Macron's "Not Crushing" Russia
This balance between duration and effort carries with it a good part of the challenges of the moment, and of the possible scenarios in the relatively short term.
The Crimea question
All the protagonists know that no negotiations are possible today because both parties, Russians and Ukrainians, are preparing for looming offensives and counter-offensives. The next few weeks will likely see some of the most intense battles of this conflict.
For weeks now, the front has stabilized over nearly a thousand kilometers, after significant movements in the early months. The Ukrainian army is on the defensive, awaiting heavy weapons that have been promised by Western allies that could allow it to try to break through the Russian lines. Vladimir Putin's army, for its part, has benefited from reinforcements from a partial mobilization: it is counting on numbers and on its ability to bear heavier losses than its adversary.
The Ukrainians, along with others in Europe, are operating under the logic of total victory.
In his remarks, which caused a stir, Emmanuel Macron expressed hope that Ukraine will be able, in the coming phase, to reverse the balance of power in its favor, in order to force a return to the negotiating table. The Ukrainians, along with others in Europe, are instead operating under the logic of total victory; that is to say, the recovery of the territories occupied since 2014, including Crimea.
Battlefield truths
Thus it comes down to a difference of opinion on the definition of victory; and that is what Emmanuel Macron meant by his phrase: "crushing Russia is not, and never will be, France's objective." He is responding to those who, especially among the former communist countries of Europe, mix support for Ukraine and deep resentment towards their former Russian master.
This divergence does not pose a major problem right now, as everyone is now on the same page in pledging maximum support for Ukraine. It will arise if a negotiation becomes possible at the end of the next phases of fighting, on the terms of the negotiation, but also on its very principle.
This first anniversary of the Russian invasion is only one more step. The truly decisive moment is likely to arrive this summer — that's when the truth of the war will have spoken on the battlefield, and redefined the balance of power.
