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FOCUS: Russia-Ukraine War

Why Putin's Choice For New Ukraine Commander Is All About Closing Ranks At Home

The choice of General Valery Gerasimov to replace General Sergey Surovikin is a political defeat for Wagner Group boss Yevgeny Prigozhin and Chechen strongman Ramzan Kadyrov — and a sign that Putin may be getting skittish on the home front.

Photo of Valery Gerasimov with Russia's President Vladimir Putin and Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu

Valery Gerasimov with Russia's President Vladimir Putin and Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu in Moscow

Anna Akage

-Analysis-

Vladimir Putin has once again replaced his supreme military commander in Ukraine, just three months after a previous change at the top. The announcement Wednesday is clearly a sign of Putin's disappointment in the direction of the war – but perhaps more notably, a major political victory for the military establishment over outsiders who had been trying to gain influence.

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Putin’s choice of General Valery Gerasimov to replace General Sergey Surovikin is not expected to affect the immediate course of the war, but it speaks to a change in the Russian president’s mindset. Unsatisfied with the Wagner PMC mercenary group, and its owner Yevgeny Prigozhin, recently tasked with a bigger share of the fighting, Putin has decided to rely on the established military elite again.


In the tenth month of the war, the military operation to seize Ukraine has become a war of survival for Putin.

Wagner Group falls short

Every day, Russian troops lose more of the territory they captured in the first weeks of the war. Now, there are fierce battles for the town of Soledar in the Donetsk region, where the most capable units of the Wagner PMC are located.

Putin has relied in recent months on the fighters of Wagner, led ever more prominently by Prigozhin. This had followed repeated instances of the regular military command showing incompetence and suffering severe defeats along the entire front line.

Indeed, Putin had created the post of commander of troops in Ukraine specifically for General Surovikin. Prigozhin and Chechen strongman Ramzan Kadyrov actively supported the new general, who quickly became a favorite of hawkish Russian propagandists and shifted war aims to include regular airstrikes on Ukraine's cities and energy infrastructure.

Valery Gerasimov attending troops training in the Rostov-on-Don Region

Valery Matytsin/TASS/ZUMA

Shoigu's revenge

But after just three months, it became clear even to Putin that the new commander and Wagner and Kadyrov's touted fighters had brought no significant improvement on the front line.

A Ukrainian rocket artillery strike on a Wagner base on Jan. 1 reportedly killed as many as 70 of Prigozhin’s mercenaries. Meanwhile, the most robust units of the Russian army fight fiercely not for cities or strategic sites but for small villages.

Unable even to hold onto these small gains, they retreat, destroying everything in their path.

The new commander, Valery Gerasimov, is in fact not new to the Ukrainian war. He was already chief of the general staff of Russia’s armed forces, and a deputy minister to Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu.

The demoted commander Surovikin will stay on as one of three deputies reporting to Gerasimov.

Military establishment v. outsiders

Thus on a most basic level, after all of the public boasting of Prigozhin and Kadyrov, the reshuffle shows that both have been outplayed by the more reserved Shoigu. Neither the head of Chechnya nor the owner of the Wagner had hidden their disdain for Shoigu, and had backed the appointment of Surovikin, who had built a reputation for brutality.

His replacement, Gerasimov, is firmly Shoigu's man — and both owe their position entirely to Putin.

Russian, Ukrainian, and foreign political and military experts have long said that the war in Ukraine can only end in the Kremlin. And for Russia, its outcome will depend on who can seize and hold onto power after Putin. Based on the new changes in the military command, we can assume that Putin has once again turned to the military establishment not so much to improve his chances at the front, but to shore up his power at home.

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Ideas

Shame On The García Márquez Heirs — Cashing In On The "Scraps" Of A Legend

A decision to publish a sketchy manuscript as a posthumous novel by the late Gabriel García Márquez would have horrified Colombia's Nobel laureate, given his painstaking devotion to the precision of the written word.

Photo of a window with a sticker of the face of Gabriel Garcia Marquez with butterfly notes at Guadalajara's International Book Fair.

Poster of Gabriel Garcia Marquez at Guadalajara's International Book Fair.

Juan David Torres Duarte

-Essay-

BOGOTÁ — When a writer dies, there are several ways of administering the literary estate, depending on the ambitions of the heirs. One is to exercise a millimetric check on any use or edition of the author's works, in the manner of James Joyce's nephew, Stephen, who inherited his literary rights. He refused to let even academic papers quote from Joyce's landmark novel, Ulysses.

Or, you continue to publish the works, making small additions to their corpus, as with Italo Calvino, Samuel Beckett and Clarice Lispector, or none at all, which will probably happen with Milan Kundera and Cormac McCarthy.

Another way is to seek out every scrap of paper the author left and every little word that was jotted down — on a piece of cloth, say — and drip-feed them to publishers every two to three years with great pomp and publicity, to revive the writer's renown.

This has happened with the Argentine Julio Cortázar (who seems to have sold more books dead than alive), the French author Albert Camus (now with 200 volumes of personal and unfinished works) and with the Chilean author Roberto Bolaño. The latter's posthumous oeuvre is so abundant I am starting to wonder if his heirs haven't hired a ghost writer — typing and smoking away in some bedsit in Barcelona — to churn out "newly discovered" works.

Which group, I wonder, will our late, great novelist Gabriel García Márquez fit into?

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