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Society

Suburban Sprawl Creeps Across France

France still has its attractive city centers and enchanting small towns. But popping up in between are sprawling suburbs that in some cases are even spawning ‘exurbs.’ Will the French countryside eventually be swallowed up by subdivisions?

Suburban housing development near Caen in southwest France
Suburban housing development near Caen in southwest France


*NEWSBITES

PARIS -- The popular image of France is painted with the bright lights of Paris and the rolling vineyards of Bordeaux. But the creeping trend in how French people actually live is looking more and more like the American picture of identical suburban subdivisions.

In France, 95% of the population is now connected in one way or another to an urban center. And rather than growth within the major cities, it is the spread of development of the surrounding areas. Buildings are blooming in the middle of fields. New housing projects are rising ever further from the city centers where the residents work. These suburbs of suburbs, or ‘exurbs' as they're sometimes called, are expanding faster than any other residential area in France, and now cover more than 28.6% of the country, according to a recent French study.

As a result, commute times are increasing. The average French person now lives 15 kilometers from his or her place of employment. Although the largest cities have good public transportation, elsewhere the car dominates ever more as the primary mode of transportation.

"We are following the American model of urban sprawl, which presents a problem for municipalities," says Jean-Loup Msika, an urban planner who opposes this kind of "horizontal" development. "It is much more expensive to bring services to far-off areas that are not densely populated."

Nevertheless, the trend shows no sign of slowing down. It may even reshape France's social map. On one side are the large metropolitan areas. On the other, the exurbs, where a large number of the lower classes now live.

Read the full story in French by Cécilia Gabizon

Photo - Google Street View

*Newsbites are digest items, not direct translations

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Society

The Brazilian Singer Trying To Shake The Sexism Out Of Samba

The Brazilian singer Nega Jaci has performed a new version of the well-known samba “Mulheres,” by Martinho da Vila, adapted by two Brazilian women to remove the sexist tone of the original lyrics.

Photo of Brazilian singer Nega Jaci

Nega Jaci singing on stage

Álvaro Filho

LISBON — It's Saturday night in Lisbon, Portugal, and on stage at the bar Samambaia, in the Graça neighborhood, the beating of the tambourine and the strumming of the guitar signal the beginning of a hit by the carioca samba singer Martinho da Vila, which lists the various women who passed through the life of a man.

But this Saturday, the original version re-emerged as a new, liberating and empowered reinterpretatio, sung by Brazilian artist Nega Jaci.

Instead of "I've had women of all colors," Nega Jaci sings “We are women of all colors,” from an updated version created by Brazilian artists Doralyce and Silvia Duffrayer in 2018 – an adaptation that rewrites some stanzas of the original lyrics and which, since then, has become an anthem of female resistance in the “patriarchal” universe of samba.

The rewritten version by the Brazilian duo removes references to “unbalanced and confused” women in the lyrics, replacing them with feminist heroes in Brazil, including Chica da Silva and Elza Soares. Jaci also included a tribute to former Carioca councilwoman Marielle Franco, murdered in 2018.

The new lyrics reposition the woman's role, from being responsible for the man's happiness, finally concluding, in a liberated and independent tone, that the woman is everything that she one day dreamed to be.

Samba lyrics tend to be super sexist and prejudiced, looking at women either as objects to serve men or as someone who needs to be taken care of, without giving due value to female power,” explains Jaci, who was born in Bahia, Brazil as Jacilene Santos Barbosa and has been living in Lisbon for eight years.

The feminist version of the well-known samba is unmissable in her set, and the moment when Jaci sings it in the presentation is preceded by a call to the women in the audience. It is for them that the performance is dedicated.

“I sing in honor of the women, but the men end up listening and reflecting on the theme in their own way,” she says.

This reflection has led other musicians to also look for a way to reposition themselves. Jaci recalls that not even Chico Buarque himself, universally loved among Brazilian musicians and apparently incontestable, is immune to the slippage of lyrics written in other times and contexts, but which now seem to no longer find space in a repertoire governed by political correctness.

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