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Warszawa Rembertów Station.
Accusations of nepotism and corruption
In 2020, several senior-level state firm-appointed leaders — including the head of the Polish rail freight company — were accused of being nepotism hires. President Andrzej Duda’s uncle, Antoni Duda, is currently on the railway supervisory board and was kept on in spite of nepotism concerns.
Duda has admitted that he has no experience working in the railway industry, but defended his appointment to Super Express, citing his experience as an ex-Parliamentarian who has worked in management, industry, and government.
While two senior-level PiS appointees were forced to step down due to claims of nepotism, Antoni Duda has maintained his position at PKP Cargo.
Anti-government march led by the opposition party leader Donald Tusk on the 34th anniversary of Poland's first postwar democratic election, Warsaw, Poland, June 4, 2023.
Beata Zawrzel/ZUMA
Cream cake controversy
Earlier this year, Polskie Koleje Państwowe (Polish State Railways, or PKP) came under fire on social media for offering its passengers free “papal cream cakes” (kremówki) on the 18th anniversary of Pope John Paul II’s death. This happened mere days after a controversial documentary on the Polish network TVN revealed that the Pope, born Karol Wojtyła, had knowingly participated in sexual abuse coverups and allowed offending priests to continue serving during his tenure as Archbishop of Krakow.
For some, this meant that attending the protests was impossible.
The pastries, a known favorite of the religious leader from his time growing up in the town of Wadowice, were passed out by the rail line the same day as tens of thousands of people around the country marched in defense of the former Pope’s honor. The crowds included senior members from the Polish government, including Deputy Prime Ministers Mariusz Błaszczak and Piotr Gliński in Warsaw and education minister Przemysław Czarnek in Lublin.
“We wanted to honor the legacy of a great Pole,” Deputy Director and former spokesman of PKP Intercity Cezary Nowak told Gazeta Wyborcza, adding that trains on this day also projected special animations celebrating the late pope which included some of his famous quotes.
“This is a cake that is associated with the memories of Pope John Paul II’s visits to Poland, and one which evokes warm memories for Polish people,” Nowak said.
Suppression of protest
Demonstrators from several cities, including Szczecin and Rzeszow, reported difficulties with rail transport to Warsaw. For some, including Marek, who uses an electric wheelchair, this meant that attending the protests was impossible.
“I wanted to attend the June 4th marches, but the PKP did everything in their power to make that impossible for me,” Marek told Gazeta Wyborcza. The railways had suspended all train traffic to Warsaw’s central station both the day of the march and the day before, citing ongoing construction.
Train inaccessibility did not stop protestors from voicing their discontent.
In Lower Silesia, the state railways reportedly attempted to block specific trains carrying protestors to the marches in Warsaw. According to Michal Jaros, the chairman of the Polish opposition party in Lower Silesia, this included delaying permits for two passenger trains, each carrying 230 demonstrators, from Wroclaw to Warsaw.
Along Poland’s coast, train inaccessibility did not stop protestors from voicing their discontent with the ruling party. Demonstrators instead gathered in Szczecin’s Solidarity Square. For some, insufficient connection to the capital became part of the movement.
“The protests in Warsaw are a good reminder of how difficult it is to get from Szczecin to the capital, even though it is only 566 kilometers away,” Inga Iwasiów wrote for Gazeta Wyborcza. “Renovations that have been ongoing for several years have lengthened the journey to over seven hours,” she added, saying that trains also rarely arrive on time, likening the journey to “bull-riding”.
PKP is currently in the process of renovating its train cars and railways, having doubled the budget of its rail investment last August, but passengers have continued to note delayed arrival times and outdated train cars.
With a huge amount of renovations underway, state railways look as though they will provide improved connections between cities and smaller towns.
As for protests, smaller follow-up events, including a press conference by young Polish activists, are set to continue. Time will tell if the railways continue to face accusations of deliberate suppression.